sexual harrassment
Sexual harassment is a type of harassment based on gender or sex. It encompasses a spectrum of behavior including sexual coercion, unwanted sexual attention, and sexist acts. Although some types of sexual harassment seem to be motivated by sexual desire, they are more often committed to hurt women or punish people for violating gender norms. Popular understanding of sexual harassment primarily focuses on sexual coercion and unwanted sexual advances, which are less common than other types of harassment. All types of sexual harassment can harm victim physical and mental health and affect their personal and professional lives.
Sexual harassment may involve harassers or victims of any gender, occur between friends or strangers, involve equal or subordinate relationships, and consist of verbal, physical, or indirect actions. Examples may involve insulting sexual or sexist remarks, offensive sexual innuendo, indecent exposure, sexting, sexual roleplay, collecting or disseminating photos of the victim in private moments, demanding or requesting sexual favors as bribery, and sexual assault like groping or rape.
In most countries, certain types of workplace sexual harassment are illegal as a form of employment discrimination. The legal and social understanding of sexual harassment varies by culture. Employment laws do not impose a "general civility code", so they generally do not prohibit minor isolated harassment incidents. In many countries, harassment may be considered illegal when it is frequent or severe enough to create a hostile or offensive work environment, or when it results in an adverse employment decision (such as the victim's demotion, firing, or quitting). Over 100 countries have laws against both hostile environment and quid pro quo types of sexual harassment, and dozens have laws specifically addressing sexual harassment based on sexual orientation or gender identity. For many businesses or organizations, preventing sexual harassment and defending employees from sexual harassment charges have become key goals of legal decision-making.
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